Hyperactivity Is Associated With Decreased Numbers Of Interneurons

Main Category: Psychology / Psychiatry
Also Included In: Biology / Biochemistry;  Schizophrenia;  Neurology / Neuroscience
Article Date: 15 May 2008 - 0:00 PST

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A new study published in Biological Psychiatry on May 15th is "another example of how basic science research conducted in animals may help to identify new molecular targets that may be studied for the treatment or even prevention of psychiatric disorders," according to Dr. John Krystal, Editor of Biological Psychiatry and affiliated with both Yale University School of Medicine and the VA Connecticut Healthcare System. Deficits in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neuronal populations are being linked to a growing number of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. The researchers in this study have used an animal model to study the role of the neocortex, a part of the brain responsible for motor activity, in hyperactive behavior.

Müller Smith and colleagues demonstrate that mice lacking the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) display profound, non-habituating hyperactivity that is correlated with a lack of parvalbumin-positive and somatostatin-positive inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex. A decreased number of these same interneurons is "one of the most consistent findings in schizophrenia and psychotic disorders," explains Dr. Flora Vaccarino, corresponding author for this article. Dr. Vaccarino adds, "Interestingly, the loss of parvalbumin+ cells was inversely proportional to locomotor hyperactivity in these animals." Although the authors do not know yet know the mechanism by which this occurs, she notes that "these mice can be used a model for developing treatments that may reverse this deficit."

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Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release.
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The article is "Deficiency in Inhibitory Cortical Interneurons Associates with Hyperactivity in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Mutant Mice"
By Karen Müller Smith, Devon M. Fagel, Hanna E. Stevens, Rebecca L. Rabenstein, Maria Elisabetta Maragnoli, Yasushi Ohkubo, Marina R. Picciotto, Michael L. Schwartz and Flora M. Vaccarino.
Drs. Müller Smith, Fagel, Stevens, Maragnoli, Ohkubo and Vaccarino are affiliated with the Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Drs. Rabenstein and Picciotto are affiliated with the Department of Psychiatry, with Dr. Rabenstein also with the Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, at Yale University.
Drs. Picciotto, Schwartz, and Vaccarino are with the Department of Neurobiology, also at Yale University.
The article appears in Biological Psychiatry, Volume 63, Issue 10 (May 15, 2008), published by Elsevier.

About Biological Psychiatry

This international rapid-publication journal is the official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry. It covers a broad range of topics in psychiatric neuroscience and therapeutics. Both basic and clinical contributions are encouraged from all disciplines and research areas relevant to the pathophysiology and treatment of major neuropsychiatric disorders. Full-length and Brief Reports of novel results, Commentaries, Case Studies of unusual significance, and Correspondence and Comments judged to be of high impact to the field are published, particularly those addressing genetic and environmental risk factors, neural circuitry and neurochemistry, and important new therapeutic approaches. Concise Reviews and Editorials that focus on topics of current research and interest are also published rapidly.

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Source: Jayne Dawkins
Elsevier