First Electrophysical Recording Of Sleep In A Wild Animal

Main Category: Medical Devices / Diagnostics
Also Included In: Biology / Biochemistry;  Sleep / Sleep Disorders / Insomnia
Article Date: 17 May 2008 - 1:00 PDT

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In the first experiment to record the electrophysiology of sleep in a wild animal, three-toed sloths carrying miniature electroencephalogram recorders slept 9.63 hours per day - 6 hours less than captive sloths did, reports an international team of researchers working on the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Barro Colorado Island in Panama.

"We are fascinated that some species sleep far longer than others. If we can determine the reasons for variations in sleep patterns, we will gain insight into the function of sleep in mammals, including humans," said first author Niels Rattenborg, group leader of the Sleep and Flight Group at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology. "If animals behave differently in captivity (where all previous comparative studies were performed) than they do in the wild, measuring their brain activity in captivity can lead to the wrong conclusions."

The research team got around this problem by using a technique developed for monitoring brain activity in humans in conjunction with a newly developed miniature recorder for neurophysiological data in order to monitor sleep in the wild.

In addition to two brain activity sensors worn as a cap on their heads, three adult three-toed sloths, Bradypus variegatus, also were fitted with radio-telemetry collars and accelerometers so that their exact locations and movements could be monitored during the next three to five days. The activity of two other sloths was monitored via radio-telemetry collar alone, for approximately seven months using a unique Automated Radio Telemetry System in place on the island.

The placement of sensors on sloths living in treetops demonstrates the feasibility of understanding a complex behavior, such as sleep, in the intricate tropical forest environment. It also will lead to more refined, comparative sleep research.

"The beauty of the automated telemetry system is that it makes a new suite of animal behavior studies possible," said Martin Wikelski, director of the Max Plank Institute for Ornithology, researcher at Princeton University and research associate at the Smithsonian. "We certainly encourage researchers who would like to monitor animals in the wild to join our ongoing studies or initiate work using the system."

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Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release.
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The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, headquartered in Panama City, Panama, is a unit of the Smithsonian Institution. The Institute furthers the understanding of tropical nature and its importance to human welfare, trains students to conduct research in the tropics and promotes conservation by increasing public awareness of the beauty and importance of tropical ecosystems.

Niels C. Rattenborg, Bryson Voirin, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Roland W. Kays, Kamiel Spoelstra, Franz Kuemmeth, Wolfgang Heidrich, Martin Wikelski. 2008. Sleeping outside the box: electroencephalographic measures of sleep in sloths inhabiting a rainforest. Royal Society journal Biology Letters. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0203

Authors represent the following institutions:

Max Plank Institute for Ornithology, University of Ulm, University of Zurich, New York State Museum, Princeton University, e-obs Digital Telemetry and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.

Related links:

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute: http://www.stri.org/

Automated telemetry system initative: http://www.princeton.edu/~wikelski/research/index.htm

Max Planck Institute for Ornithology: http://www.orn.mpg.de/index_en.html

Source: Beth King
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute