Facial Muscle Groups Automatically Activated By Pain

Main Category: Pain / Anesthetics
Article Date: 28 Oct 2008 - 2:00 PDT

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A study has found that people who facially express pain in a more intense way are not exaggerating if their perception of a painful stimulation is controlled. The study conducted by Miriam Kunz is published in the November issue of Pain.

The study was conducted on 20 men and 20 women between the ages of 18 and 30. Kunz placed a heating device on their leg to provoke the painful stimulus. During the test, Kunz asked the test subjects to push a button when the heat became moderately painful as she filmed their facial expressions.

"Individuals who react to pain with intense facial expressions are in fact feeling more pain if we rely on quantitative verbal measures independent of the painful experience," says Kunz, a postdoctoral student at the Université de Montréal Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, and the Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal.

However, they have a lower tolerance for pain. "All test subjects with an intense facial reaction to pain estimated that the sensation was "moderately painful" between 45 and 47 degrees Celsius, while others had a higher threshold," she says.

All individuals have a non-verbal mode of communication influenced by culture, education, age, sex, etc. This mode relies on innate and universal programming. That is why a blind child knows how to smile, even if he has never seen his mother smile. "Pain, just like joy, sadness, fear, surprise, anger and disgust automatically activate certain muscle groups that make the expression appear on the face," says Kunz.

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At 30, Kunz has already published 18 times which speaks volumes about her passion for the work. The current study is co-authored by Université de Montréal Professor Pierre Rainville, as well as, Camille Chantelle of the Université libre de Bruxelles and Stefan Lautenbacher from the Université Otto-Friedrich in Bamberg, Germany.

On the Web:

About the Université de Montréal: http://www.umontreal.ca/english/index.htm
About the Department of Stomatology: http://www.medent.umontreal.ca/medent/departements/stomatologie.htm
About the Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal: http://www.criugm.qc.ca/a_centre.html

Source: Sylvain-Jacques Desjardins
University of Montreal

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