No Increased Cardiovascular Risk If Mildly Underactive Thyroid Conditions Are Left Untreated, Penn Study

Main Category: Endocrinology
Also Included In: Cardiovascular / Cardiology
Article Date: 28 Feb 2006 - 23:00 PST

email to a friend   printer friendly   opinions  

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found that leaving a mildly underactive thyroid gland (subclinical hypothyroidism) untreated does not lead to increased cardiovascular risk. The study results, to be published in the March 1st issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, may lead to changes in the clinical treatment of this commonly diagnosed ailment.

The thyroid gland, located at the base of the neck, produces thyroid hormone, which acts throughout the body to regulate metabolism. Patients with underactivity of the thyroid gland, or hypothyroidism, may suffer from a variety of symptoms affecting the functions of the body. These patients are typically treated with medication to increase the thyroid hormone in the body. Likewise, patients with overactivity of the thyroid gland, or hyperthyroidism, may also be symptomatic and require treatment to lower their thyroid hormone levels.

In general, mild thyroid problems are common and often the symptoms can be subtle. It's still unclear exactly who needs to be checked for it and what the risks and benefits of treatment are. Researchers aren't sure whether treating a patient with a mild thyroid problem actually helps them.

"Previous studies have suggested that abnormal levels of thyroid stimulating hormone may represent a cardiac risk factor, the way that increased cholesterol or smoking are risk factors for heart disease." said lead author Anne Cappola, MD, ScM, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology. "We set out to answer the question of whether there are cardiovascular consequences resulting from mild thyroid problems."

In this study, Cappola measured thyroid function through a blood test in 3200 men and women, aged 65 and older. These were people who had no reason to have an abnormal test and were not taking thyroid hormone replacement. She categorized them into different groups based on their thyroid blood tests and followed them for 13 years. Cappola found that 1.5% of the group who had a mildly overactive thyroid (subclinical hyperthyroidism) had an increased risk of developing an abnormal heart rhythm, atrial fibrillation, but no other cardiovascular threats such as heart attacks or death. Those with a mildly underactive thyroid gland made up 15 percent of the study, and showed no elevation in their risk of suffering a heart attack, stroke, or death.

Cappola adds, "It's our wish to figure out what is a normal number versus an abnormal number... which thyroid level is associated with the highest level of function. Many patients with mild thyroid problems are being treated now and it's not clear if it's actually helping them. We need to put together a bigger picture for the risks and benefits of treatment for mild thyroid abnormalities."

So should general practitioners be screening patients over a certain age every so often for thyroid dysfunction? Some organizations recommend it. "We say there's no evidence, based on our data, that screening would benefit the population. But if you do find someone over the age of 65 with a mildly overactive thyroid, they should be treated," explains Cappola. "There's no evidence you should treat someone with a mildly underactive thyroid in order to help deter cardiovascular disease."

The results of this study will be published in the March 1st, 2006 issue of "JAMA." You can access the journal on-line at: . The article is titled, "Thyroid Status, Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality, in Older Adults." This study was supported by an American Heart Association Grand-in-Aid; contracts from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; and a grant from the National Institute on Aging.

http://pennhealth.com/ency/article/001159.htm PENN Medicine is a $2.7 billion enterprise dedicated to the related missions of medical education, biomedical research, and high-quality patient care. PENN Medicine consists of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (founded in 1765 as the nation's first medical school) and the University of Pennsylvania Health System.

Penn's School of Medicine is ranked #2 in the nation for receipt of NIH research funds; and ranked #4 in the nation in U.S. News & World Report's most recent ranking of top research-oriented medical schools. Supporting 1,400 fulltime faculty and 700 students, the School of Medicine is recognized worldwide for its superior education and training of the next generation of physician-scientists and leaders of academic medicine.

The University of Pennsylvania Health System includes three hospitals [Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, which is consistently ranked one of the nation's few "Honor Roll" hospitals by U.S. News & World Report; Pennsylvania Hospital, the nation's first hospital; and Penn Presbyterian Medical Center]; a faculty practice plan; a primary-care provider network; two multispecialty satellite facilities; and home care and hospice.

http://www.uphs.upenn.edu

• Additional
• References
• Citations

Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release.
Visit our endocrinology section for the latest news on this subject.

There are no references listed for this article.

Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report:

MLA

Paul Lachynsky. "No Increased Cardiovascular Risk If Mildly Underactive Thyroid Conditions Are Left Untreated, Penn Study." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 28 Feb. 2006. Web.
16 Feb. 2012. <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/38470.php>

---

APA

Paul Lachynsky. (2006, February 28). "No Increased Cardiovascular Risk If Mildly Underactive Thyroid Conditions Are Left Untreated, Penn Study." Medical News Today. Retrieved from
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/38470.php.

---

Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.