Chickenpox and measles are both caused by viruses. Both cause a rash, but other symptoms can differ. Vaccinations are available for both conditions, and some treatments are similar.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Measles, or rubeola, is caused by the measles virus.
Childhood vaccines are available for both chickenpox and measles. They significantly reduce the risk of developing either condition.
Read on for more information about the similarities and differences between chickenpox and measles.
View the table below for an overview of chickenpox and measles.
| Chickenpox | Measles | |
|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | • itchy rash that • fever • headache • tiredness • decreased appetite | • rash that • fever • hacking cough • runny nose •sore throat • conjunctivitis • Koplik’s spots |
| Rash duration | 4 to 7 days | |
| Causes | • varicella-zoster virus | • measles virus |
| Treatments | • resting • staying hydrated • pain relief medication • avoiding scratching • remedies to relieve itching | • resting • staying hydrated • pain relief medication |
The symptoms of chickenpox include:
Symptoms usually last around 4 to 7 days.
The symptoms of measles can include:
- a rash that
first shows up on the hairline or forehead, and then spreads downward to other parts of the body - fever
- hacking cough
- runny nose
- sore throat
- conjunctivitis
- Koplik’s spots, which are small spots with blue-white centers found inside the mouth and cheeks
The rash typically lasts
The chickenpox rash starts with raised bumps or papules. These bumps turn into itchy fluid-filled blisters, or vesicles, that will eventually rupture and leak before scabbing over.
The measles rash appears as flat spots, though raised bumps may sometimes be present. If bumps appear, they do not have fluid in them. The spots of the measles rash may begin to run together as the rash spreads.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It spreads from person to person by breathing in droplets in the air, such as if a person with the virus sneezes or coughs, or by direct contact with fluid from open sores.
Chickenpox has an incubation period of 10 to 21 days. This is the time at which symptoms of chickenpox develop after exposure to the virus.
Measles also spreads from person to person through airborne particles. The incubation period of measles is around
Doctors can typically diagnose chickenpox based on the appearance of symptoms. The doctor will likely ask whether the individual has recently been around anybody with chickenpox.
PCR tests of chickenpox lesions and antibody testing may help confirm a chickenpox diagnosis if necessary.
If a doctor suspects measles, they may need to take a blood and nasopharyngeal or oral fluid sample to confirm the diagnosis.
Since both chickenpox and measles are caused by a viral infection, treatment is focused on easing symptoms until the infection clears.
Since the chickenpox rash can be very itchy, antihistamines and calamine lotion may help with itching. In children over the age of 12 years, antiviral medications may be useful in certain cases of chickenpox, and they may help reduce the severity and duration of symptoms.
Home remedies may also help alleviate symptoms of both chickenpox and measles. These include:
- getting plenty of rest
- drinking lots of fluids to stay hydrated
- avoiding scratching
Over-the-counter pain relief medication may also help. Do not give any medication to children without first speaking with a pharmacist or doctor. They can advise on the most suitable medication based on the child’s age.
There are vaccines available for both chickenpox and measles.
These vaccines are part of a child’s vaccination schedule. Both vaccines are given in two doses. The first dose is given between
While chickenpox and measles can both resolve with home remedies, it is best to contact a clinician for advice if you or a child develops a rash.
It is important to seek a medical opinion as early as possible if a child or adult has measles or has been exposed to somebody with measles.
It is important to receive an accurate diagnosis and advice on any necessary medical treatments.
Chickenpox and measles are both caused by viruses. Chickenpox develops due to the varicella-zoster virus, while measles is due to the measles virus.
Both conditions can cause spots or a rash. Chickenpox typically begins on the chest, back, and face, while measles usually first begins along the hairline or on the forehead.
Home remedies such as resting, drinking plenty of fluids, and taking pain relief medication can help both conditions. Speak with a doctor or pharmacist before giving medication to a child.
It is best to contact a doctor if a rash develops. A physical examination can often help confirm the diagnosis, though the doctor may also order laboratory tests. They can then advise on any medical treatments that may help.