Many foods are high in calories, but fat contains the most calories per gram. Some high calorie options, such as avocado, nuts, and seeds, are also dense in nutrients.

There are many reasons people may want to gain weight. For example, athletes and bodybuilders may wish to gain muscle mass.

Read this article to learn more about calorie-dense foods and nutrient-dense foods.

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The term “calorie” describes the amount of energy in a food. Calories come from:

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025 recommends that 45% to 65% of an adult’s daily caloric intake should come from carbohydrates. Protein should make up 10% to 30%, and fat 20% to 35%.

The term “calorie density” describes the number of calories in a food relative to its weight, usually per 3.5 ounces (oz) or 100 g. People may also use the terms “caloric density” or “energy density.”

People trying to gain weight should try to incorporate more calorie-dense foods to accomplish their goals. Alternatively, those seeking to lose weight may wish to limit the amount of calorie-dense foods they consume.

Humans need calories for survival because they provide our bodies with the energy needed to fuel metabolic pathways, physical movement, and critical thought.

Research suggests that the average adult female needs 2,000 calories each day to maintain their weight while the average adult male needs 2,500 calories each day.

However, the exact number of calories a person needs to maintain their weight is unique to them based on a variety of factors, including:

  • age
  • sex
  • height
  • activity level
  • genetics

When a person consumes more calories than their body needs, they will store the extra energy as adipose tissue or body fat.

Alternatively, if a person consumes less energy than their body needs, the body will use stored fat for energy, and that person will lose weight.

A person may want to incorporate more calorie-dense foods if they are trying to gain weight.

Some people may want a larger frame, have a medical condition, or need to gain weight while recovering from an illness.

Illnesses that may cause significant weight loss include:

People who have experienced a severe burn injury may also lose a significant amount of weight.

Sometimes people may want to gain muscle mass. Bodybuilders are another group of people that frequently aim to put on weight.

There are certain health risks associated with being underweight. These include:

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that people use their body mass index (BMI) to determine if they are underweight, at an expected weight, or overweight.

Ranges for BMI are as follows:

  • Underweight: less than 18.5
  • Healthy weight: 18.5 to 24.9
  • Overweight: 25 to 29.9
  • Obese: 30 or higher

It is worth noting that BMI has some limitations. For example, it does not distinguish between weight from fat and weight from muscle.

If a person is concerned about being underweight or their weight in general, they should speak with their primary care physician, who may refer them to a registered dietitian.

There are many calorie-dense foods, making incorporating these foods into the diet a fairly easy task. Some examples of calorie-dense foods include:

  • granola
  • avocado
  • oils and butter
  • nuts and nut butters
  • potatoes and other complex carbohydrates
  • oily fish, such as salmon, sardines, and mackerel
  • dried fruit
  • cheese
  • fatty meats like sausages, lamb, and fatty beef cuts
  • fried foods like French fries, chicken wings, onion rings, and chicken nuggets
  • pastries and cakes
  • candy
  • chips
  • sugary drinks like sodas, milkshakes, and some smoothies

Many calorie-dense foods are highly processed, high in fat, and low in nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. It is important for people to pay attention to the quality of food they consume to ensure their bodies are getting enough of the nutrients they need to perform at an optimal level.

Alcohol also contains calories, but people should avoid consuming it in excess. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025 suggests that female adults consume no more than one alcoholic beverage per day and male adults consume no more than two.

In the United States, an alcoholic beverage serving consists of around 14 g of pure alcohol. The following are the equivalents of one serving:

  • 12 fluid oz of regular beer, typically around 5% alcohol
  • 5 fluid oz of wine, typically around 12% alcohol
  • 1.5 fluid oz of distilled spirits, typically around 40% alcohol

The term “nutrient-dense” describes foods with a high nutrient content relative to the number of calories they supply.

While most people think of nutrient-dense foods as containing high quantities of vitamins and minerals, they can also contain other health-promoting components such as antioxidants, amino acids, and essential fatty acids. This is why nutrient-dense foods help decrease the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and other diet-related chronic illnesses.

Some examples of nutrient-dense foods include:

When a person wants to increase their caloric intake, it is still important to consume nutrient-dense foods. However, many nutrient-dense foods are also very low in calories, which poses a challenge.

Some examples of calorie-dense and nutrient-dense foods include:

What is a calorie in food?

A calorie is a unit of energy in food. The body uses calories for energy. A food containing 100 calories gives the body 100 calories of energy. For humans to maintain a steady weight, they need to consume roughly the same amount of calories from food and drink that they burn in energy.

If a person consumes fewer calories than they burn, they will likely lose weight. If they consume more calories than they burn, they will likely gain weight.

Are bananas calorically dense?

The sugar content of a banana increases as it ripens, increasing its calories. Less ripe bananas contain less sugar than ripe bananas, making them less calorie-dense.

Bananas are nutritionally dense. One medium banana contains:

  • 105 calories
  • 11% of the recommended daily amounts (RDA) of vitamin C
  • 25% of the RDA of vitamin B-6
  • over 10% of the RDA of fiber and potassium

What foods are good for gaining weight fast?

Foods high in calories (calorie-dense foods) are useful for gaining weight fast. They include nutrient-rich options such as avocadoes, nuts and seeds, red meat, oily fish, and potatoes. Less nutritious, high calorie foods include cakes, biscuits, and fried foods.

Calorie-dense foods are foods that contain high amounts of calories relative to their weight. Some examples of calorie-dense foods include full-fat dairy products, fatty beef, oils, nuts, and seeds.

Not all calorie-dense foods are also nutrient-dense, so people trying to gain weight need to be mindful of the quality of foods they consume.